Preheat the oven to 450°F. Position the oven rack in the lower third of the oven.
Grease an 11x15-inch jelly roll pan or sheet pan. Line with parchment paper, leaving an overhang on the long sides. Butter and lightly flour the parchment.
In a small bowl, whisk together the flour, cornstarch, and salt.
In a large mixing bowl, beat the 2 whole eggs and 2 egg yolks with 1/2 cup sugar for about 5 minutes, until thick, pale, and tripled in volume.
Add the vanilla and lemon zest and beat briefly to combine.
Gently fold the flour mixture into the egg mixture until just incorporated.
In a separate bowl, beat the egg whites on low speed until foamy. Add the cream of tartar and continue beating until soft peaks form.
Add the remaining 1 tablespoon sugar and beat until stiff, glossy peaks form.
Fold a few spoonfuls of the egg whites into the batter to lighten it, then gently fold in the remaining whites until fully incorporated.
Spread the batter evenly into the prepared pan.
Bake for 10–12 minutes, or until the cake is lightly golden and springs back gently when touched.
While the cake bakes, dust a clean kitchen towel generously with powdered sugar.
Immediately invert the warm cake onto the prepared towel. Carefully peel away the parchment paper and dust the top lightly with more powdered sugar.
Starting from one short end, gently roll the cake up with the towel inside. Let cool completely.